- Category: Articles
![Figure 1. A ground-based wind lidar deployed in complex terrain ZX complex figure 1](/images/stories/Features/2021Features/JanFeb2021Images/ZX-complex-figure-1.jpg)
A recent industry poll of almost 1,000 wind industry professionals reported that the remote sensing device (RSD) ‘lidar’ was being used standalone, i.e. without any additional on-site met masts or anemometry, in simple terrain for wind resource assessment in the development of wind energy projects by almost two-thirds of those responding. Much of this confidence can be traced back to the DNV GL ‘Stage 3’ statement in the roadmap for RSDs that allows for a standalone ZX 300 Wind Lidar, since October 2012, to be used in this way. In comparison, when considering the use of any lidar in complex terrain, less than one-third of those responding reported using the lidar standalone; instead, it would be complemented by additional on-site anemometry such as a met mast. In order for the industry to take advantage of the many additional benefits that lidars provide, the challenge was set: how can we as an industry demonstrate the traceability and prove the accuracy of a lidar-only methodology in complex terrain?
By Tristan Clarenc, Johannes Cordes, Alex Woodward, Scott Wylie
- Category: Articles
![Figure 1. Painting a turbine blade in the Smøla wind farm in August 2013 by means of a platform that is lowered from the hub. Note the contrast between the painted blade and the sky (courtesy Statkraft) Engstrom figure 1](/images/stories/Features/2021Features/JanFeb2021Images/Engstrom-figure-1.jpg)
An American research report led to the elimination of eagle deaths on the Norwegian island of Smøla. A review demonstrates that with today’s larger wind turbines, three black turbine blades per wind turbine can give at least as good results as the Norwegian experiment with one black blade. Given the importance of the appearance of the landscape to those viewing it, the former option is preferable.
By Staffan Engström, Managing Director, Ägir Konsult, Sweden
- Category: Articles
A Road Map to Successful and Conclusive Wind Turbine Improvement Projects
![Figure 1. Wind turbine improvement demonstration project Karl Fig1 optimisation demo project](/images/stories/Features/2021Features/JanFeb2021Images/Karl-Fig1-optimisation-demo-project.jpg)
By Karl Fatrdla, Power Factors and Karl Fatrdla Consulting, Austria
- Category: Articles
![Figure 1. Electrical grid interconnection value triangle ABB figure 1 v2](/images/stories/Features/2021Features/JanFeb2021Images/ABB-figure-1-v2.jpg)
Electricity is frequently called the lifeblood of modern society, providing us with everyday comfort, security and mobility. Electricity networks are the ‘blood vessels’ which deliver the electricity to our homes, factories and trains. They have been built for over a century and evolved into the largest and most complex machine ever made by humanity.
By Alexandre Oudalov, Market Innovation, Hitachi ABB Power Grids
- Category: Articles
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Because wind turbines operate in the natural atmosphere, high-resolution weather modelling is a powerful tool to help wind energy projects succeed throughout the project life cycle. When properly applied, such modelling helps to optimise wind farms by reducing the uncertainty associated with the spatial variability of wind flow across the site. Studies have shown that the uncertainty of mesoscale modelling for wind energy, when run at microscales, is lower than that of other modelling techniques such as linear flow models and computational fluid dynamics. Key features in the underlying physics and application technique of mesoscale models compared with the other modelling methods result in higher accuracy for wind energy assessment. Those differences are described herein. Additionally, we present validation statistics for a large dataset of wind projects to explore relationships between model error and other model and site parameters.
By Gregory S. Poulos and Mark Stoelinga, ArcVera Renewables, USA
- Category: Articles
![Figure 1. Schematic of the flow through and around a single wind turbine, showing the various flow zones and typical local speed perturbations relative to the free stream figure 1 Hawkes](/images/stories/Features/2020Features/NovDecImages2020/figure-1-Hawkes.jpg)
The notion of wind farm blockage has recently created significant debate and raised many unanswered questions within the wind industry. Does blockage actually exist? Could it explain historical differences between pre-construction and operational yield assessments? What should we do about it? Here Frazer-Nash provides some of the latest thinking about understanding and predicting blockage.
By Graham Hawkes, Engineering Manager, Frazer-Nash Consultancy, UK
- Category: Articles
![Blade Damage Detection Using Blade-Internal Acoustic Sensors Murat fig1](/images/stories/Features/2020Features/NovDecImages2020/Murat-fig1.jpg)
It has recently been shown by the team at the University of Massachusetts Lowell that the acoustic signature generated by a turbine itself can be used to detect blade damage. This acoustics-based blade structural health monitoring approach will help minimise blade failures and lower the levelised cost of energy through a reduction in O&M costs. The proposed solution consists of low-cost, easy-to-implement acoustic sensors and a central data processing and wireless data transmission unit. The monitoring solution can be installed on both new and existing wind turbines.
By Murat Inalpolat, University of Massachusetts Lowell, USA
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