1st Edition

Electricity and Electronics for Renewable Energy Technology An Introduction

By Ahmad Hemami Copyright 2016
    818 Pages
    by CRC Press

    824 Pages 595 Color Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    Electricity and Electronics for Renewable Energy Technology: An Introduction provides a foundational understanding of electricity and the methods and devices specific to electricity from renewable sources.

    The book begins with a brief explanation of the necessary mathematics and then:

    • Addresses the basics of electricity and relationships, motors and generators, transformers, and networks and distribution
    • Tackles the key concepts associated with electronics, diodes and transistors, switching devices, and power converters
    • Covers digital electronics from number systems and logic circuits to encoders and decoders
    • Explores advanced subjects such as reactive power and the operation of a transistor

    A lab manual and PowerPoint presentation are available with qualifying course adoption.

    Featuring extensive review questions and practice problems at the end of each chapter, Electricity and Electronics for Renewable Energy Technology: An Introduction instills an essential knowledge of electricity and electronics required for work with renewable energy.

    Energy and Electricity
    Introduction
    Need for Energy
    Renewable Energy
    Electricity
    Static Electricity
    Safety at Work and Safety Rules
    Chapter Summary

    Basic Mathematics and Systems of Measurement Units
    Introduction
    Ratio and Percentage
    Area and Volume Ratios
    Angles, Triangles, and Trigonometric Relationships
    Principal Measurement Entities and Systems of Measurement
    Other Measurement Entities and Their Derivation
    Conversion between Systems of Measurement Units
    Formulas, Relationships, and Equations
    Chapter Summary

    Atomic Structure of Materials
    Introduction
    Material Properties
    Atom and Molecule
    Atomic Structure of Materials
    Differences between Materials
    Similarities between Materials and Valance Electrons
    Categorization of Materials: Conductors and Insulators
    Electric Charge and Energy in Electrons
    Chapter Summary

    DC and AC Electricity
    Introduction
    Electricity Basics
    Electricity Effects and Electrical Devices
    Main Electric Components
    Electric Circuit
    Electric Flow
    DC and AC
    Electric Potential and Electric Current
    Resistance to Electric Flow
    Inductance
    Capacitance
    Chapter Summary

    Voltage, Current, and Power
    Introduction
    Electric Current
    Electric Voltage
    Ohm’s Law: Relationship between Voltage, Current, and Load Resistance
    Measuring Electric Current
    Measuring Electric Voltage
    Multimeter
    Measuring Resistance
    Electric Power
    Measuring Electric Power and Energy
    Chapter Summary

    DC Circuits Relationships
    Introduction
    Series Circuit
    Resistors in Series
    Parallel Circuit
    Resistors in Parallel
    Combined Series and Parallel Resistors
    Rule of Series Circuits
    Rule of Parallel Circuits
    Examples of Combined Circuits
    Voltage Divider
    Capacitors in DC Circuits
    Inductors in DC Circuits
    Power in DC Circuits
    Chapter Summary

    DC Motors and Generators
    Introduction
    Magnetism
    Electricity and Magnetism
    Lorentz Force
    Faraday’s Law
    DC Machines
    DC Sources in Parallel
    Efficiency
    Chapter Summary

    AC Circuits Relationships
    Introduction
    Vectors
    AC Circuit Measurements and Values
    Resistors in AC Circuits
    Inductors in AC Circuits
    Capacitors in AC Circuits
    Power in Inductors and Capacitors
    Phase Difference
    Power in AC
    Series RLC Circuits
    Parallel RLC Circuits
    Voltage Divider in AC Circuits
    Resonance
    Power Factor Correction
    Chapter Summary
    Advanced Learning: AC Problem Solving Using Complex Numbers
    Three-Phase Systems
    Introduction
    Three-Phase Electricity
    Properties of a Three-Phase System
    Load Connection in Three-Phase Systems
    Three-Phase Loads
    Use of Vectors in Three-Phase Electricity
    Unbalanced Loads
    Chapter Summary
    Advanced Learning: Mathematical Representation of Three-Phase Systems

    Transformers
    Introduction
    An Illustrative Example
    Single-Phase Transformer
    Ideal Transformer
    Autotransformer and Isolation Transformer
    Transformer Mounting
    Three-Phase Transformers
    Transformer Applications and Power Rating
    Transformer Efficiency
    Transformer Circuits
    Chapter Summary
    Advanced Learning: Real Transformer Circuit Analysis

    AC Motors and Generators
    Introduction
    Main Categories of AC Machines
    Rotating Magnetic Field
    Synchronous Machines
    Asynchronous or Induction Machines
    Induction Motors
    Other Motors
    Notes on Application of Electric Machines
    Chapter Summary

    Electric Power Transmission and Distribution
    Introduction
    Power Transmission and Distribution
    Electric Cables
    Fault Detection and Protective Measures
    Transmission Lines
    Rules for Network Problems
    High Voltage Direct Current Transmission
    Chapter Summary
    Advanced Learning: Positive, Negative, and Zero Sequence for Fault Analysis

    Electronic Components, Functions, and Devices
    Introduction
    Electric and Electronic Devices
    Categories of Electronic Devices
    Semiconductor Materials
    Functions of Electronic Devices
    Blending DC and AC Signals
    Chapter Summary

    Diode
    Introduction
    PN Junction
    Forward and Reverse Bias
    Diode
    Diode Characteristic Curve
    Testing a Diode
    Diodes in a Circuit
    Diodes in Series and Parallel
    Light-Emitting Diode
    Chapter Summary

    Regulating Diodes and Applications
    Introduction
    Zener Diode
    Zener Diode Application
    Application Examples
    Zener Diodes in Series and Parallel
    Diac and Triac
    Presentation of Electronic Circuits Diagrams
    Chapter Summary

    Diode Rectifiers and Filters
    Introduction
    Half-Wave Rectifier
    Full-Wave Rectifier
    Bridge Rectifier
    Ripple and Filters
    Three-Phase Rectifiers
    Small DC Power Supplies
    More on Filters
    Chapter Summary

    Transistor
    Introduction
    Junction Transistor
    Transistor Size and Packaging
    Transistors Connection and Biasing Configuration
    Modes of Operation
    How a Transistor Works
    Transistor Properties
    Transistor Main Functions
    Transistor as a Switch
    Transistor Amplifier
    Biasing a Transistor
    Chapter Summary

    Transistor Circuits
    Introduction
    Transistor Characteristic Curves
    Common-Emitter Amplifier
    Common-Base Amplifier
    Common-Collector Amplifier
    Current Gain, Voltage Gain, and Power Gain in Amplifiers
    Amplifier Classes
    Input and Output Impedance
    Coupling and Impedance Matching
    Testing Transistors
    Chapter Summary

    Switchable Diodes and Gated Transistors
    Introduction
    Field Effect Transistor
    FET Types
    JFET
    MOSFET
    Testing a MOSFET
    Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
    Thyristor
    Chapter Summary

    Power Converters
    Introduction
    Inverter
    Thyristor-Based Three-Phase Rectifier
    Thyristor-Based Three-Phase Inverter
    Power Converter
    Pulse Width Modulation
    Application in Motor Drives
    Chapter Summary

    Electronic Power Converters in Wind Turbines and Solar Photovoltaic Systems
    Introduction
    Wind Turbine Basics
    Solar Energy Systems
    AC-to-AC Power Converters
    Synchronous Generator for a Wind Turbine
    Squirrel Cage Induction Generator
    Doubly Fed Induction Generator
    Chapter Summary

    Digital Electronics
    Introduction
    Number Systems
    Number Conversion and Precision
    One’s and Two’s Complement
    Number Display and BCD
    Sampling Analog Variables
    Chapter Summary

    Logic Circuits and Applications
    Introduction
    Logic Gates
    Logic Gate Math Functions
    Boolean Algebra
    K-Maps
    Chapter Summary

    Encoders and Decoders
    Introduction
    Flip-Flop
    Latch
    Flip-Flop Applications
    Code Conversion
    Multiplexer and Demultiplexer
    Chapter Summary

    Biography

    Ahmad Hemami is an adjunct professor at McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada, and a professor at Iowa Lakes College, Estherville, Iowa, USA. He holds a BS from the University of Tehran, Iran, and a Ph.D from the University of Salford, UK. Dr. Hemami’s extensive experience includes teaching, engineering practice, and research. He has taught several undergraduate and graduate engineering courses, supervised numerous MS and Ph.D students, served as an industry consultant, and published his research in more than 100 journals and conference proceedings.

    "… a really great introductory textbook and an ideal support for undergraduate and graduate courses in renewable energy systems, electrical engineering, and electronics. The fundamental principles are clearly and expertly explained and the effective use of examples peppered throughout the text makes this an interesting and enjoyable learning tool. The scope is broad, ranging from a discussion of the supporting mathematics and materials science to components and systems, and as a result the reader is given a good grounding in the basics while at the same time getting exposure to major topics."
    —Stephen Daniels, Dublin City University, Ireland

    "… great information about energy and electrical systems. We will definitely consider this book for our fall 2016 class cycle. It is great to see a book with so much information about renewables in one place."
    —Ward Malcolm, Dean of Career, Technical and Workforce Education at Eastern West Virginia Community and Technical College, Moorefield, USA

    " … the major strength of the book is that this book delivers the material in a very simple way that everyone can understand the topic; yet it is very detailed that even a beginner student can be very competent on the subject field. All the schematics and diagrams used in this book are very descriptive and they speak for themselves. Even a very difficult to understand concept that is hard to imagine is delivered successfully with the outstanding diagrams used in the book. I haven’t seen a better alternative so far. I think diagrams used here are the best ones if you don’t have the opportunity to see the real thing."
    —Omer C. Onar, Oak Ridge National Laboratory